High-yield MCQs on Pediatric Nursing Care
1. Which of the following are steps in the nursing process?
A. Circulations, neurologic, pain, skin
B. Assessing, analyzing, charting.
C. Assessing, planning, implementing, evaluating and re-planning
D. Taking vital sign
2. Which of the below are essential to assess for understanding a child present status?
A. Respiration, circulation, skin, appearance
B. Implementing, evaluating
C. Planning, continuing, evaluating
D. None of the above
3. What does the "non-discrimination principle” mean?
A. That the child should be given appropriate information
B. That all children should have the same right to having their basic needs met
C. That what is the best for the child should always be considered first
D. That the child should be involved in decision making
4. Therapeutic play therapy refers to the:
A. The ill child ready to go through painful procedure
B. The child playing together with other children
C. The child is blowing bubbles with the group of friends
D. The nurse is playing with the child for distraction purpose
5. Which of the below is a good way of treating the mother of a seriously ill child who are accusing you of not treating her child good enough?
A. To tell her that you are doing what you can to take care of her child and quickly leave
B. To sit down for a while and listen to what she is saying and feeling
C. To get the doctor to have him telling her she is accusing you wrongly
D. To ignore her because you have more important things to do
6. In which ratio should CPR (compressions+ ventilation) be given to a 9 years old child if there are two rescuer at a time?
A. 30:2
B. 3:1
C. 5:1
D. 15:2
7. Which of the following are the most appropriate nursing care actions for a 4-year-old child in hypovolemic shock?
A. Oxygen, IV bolus 20 ml/kg with NS
B. IV bolus 20 ml/kg with 5% Dextrose+ NS
C. Adrenaline SC, oxygen
D. IV bolus 10 ml/kg with RL, oxygen
8. Which of the following is true?
A. Shock is present when the circulation is adequate to meet the demands of the tissues
B. Compensated shock occurs when the vital organs continue to be perfused by compensatory mechanisms and the blood pressure stays normal
C. In children, a low blood pressure occurs in an early stage of shock compared to adults
D. A child presenting with anaphylactic shock should be treated with Epinephrine 0.25 ml/kg of 1:1000
9. You are evaluating a 3-month-old infant with a history of apnea. You note that the infant is cyanotic and unresponsive to stimulation. You open the airway by lifting the chin and note that the infant is breathing (gasping) slowly and irregularly rate of approximately 6 breathes/min. What should your next action be?
A. Ventilate with a bag-mask
B. Check for a brachial pulse and other signs of circulation to determine if chest compressions are needed.
C. Administer oxygen only
D. Perform an abdominal thrusts
10. Which of the following is true to assess the work of breathing?
A. To listen to the chest with a stethoscope
B. To listen for abnormal airway sounds and look for signs of increased breathing efforts
C. To count the respiratory rate and check the SaO2
D. To listen for abnormal airway sounds and perform a chest X-ray
11. Which of the below are usually the most severe signs for a child in respiratory distress?
A. Tachypnea
B. Nasal flaring, grunting
C. Tachycardia, pallor
D. Crackles, wheezing
12. Which of the following statement is true?
A. Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death amongst children in the developing world
B. Bronchitis often starts with symptoms of stridor
C. If a child in severe respiratory distress suddenly begins to breathe slowly, this can be a sign of tiredness and that the child might be going into respiratory failure
D. Bronchitis is an upper respiratory tract infection
13. Sita, 4 years of age has been vomiting and having diarrhoea for the past 2 days. When she is admitted to the pediatric ward she is carried by her mother, looking pale. Her mouth is dry and she has not passed urine since 7 hours. Her skin goes back slowly and is restless and irritable, she says she is thirsty. What is her grade of dehydration?
A. No dehydration
B. Mild dehydration
C. Some dehydration
D. Severe dehydration
14. Which of the following are the appropriate treatment for Some dehydration?
A. ORS solution 75 ml/kg for the first 4 hours and refer to hospital
B. IV bolus 10 ml/kg of NS
C. IV bolus 20 ml /kg of R/L
D. ORS solution 10 ml/kg/hour for 4 hours
15. Which is the most common cause of diarrhea for a child in the developing world?
A. Amoeba
B. Shigellosis
C. Cholera
D. Rotavirus
16. Regarding febrile seizures: which of the following is true?
A. A febrile seizure is a seizure that comes when the child has fever and epilepsy
B. Commonly, the seizure occurs early in a viral infection when the temperature is rising quickly
C. Simple febrile seizures are dangerous and can causes brain damage
D. The most common cause is meningitis
17. What is the appropriate management of Organo-phosphorus and carbonate compounds poisoning?
A. Remove poison and apply calamine lotion
B. Induce vomiting and give oxygen
C. If the child has signs of excess parasympathetic activation, give Atropine
D. Intubation the child and put him on a ventilator
18. Which of the following statement is true regarding NG tube feeding?
A. If the amount of aspirate is less than ½ ml of the previous feed, throw away and give the current feed
B. If the amount of aspirate is greater than half of the previous food, throw away the aspirate and give the current feed
C. If repeated aspirates are green, red or brown, this is normal
D. None of the above
19. Which of the following are danger signs in a newborn baby?
A. Fever, can suck breast milk
B. Unable to feed, grunting
C. Rashes in the body
D. Respiration rate 40, vomiting
20. Which of the following is true regarding breastfeeding?
A. Breast milk contains the exact nutrients the baby needs for the first 2 months, then supplemental food must be given
B. Breastfed babies can easily get over-weight
C. Give the baby no other food than breast milk for the first 6 months
D. The mother should feed the baby exactly each 4 hourly during the first month
21. After birth weight has been regained, weight gain for a full term baby during the first 3 months of feeding should be:
A. 20-50 g/week
B. 60-80 g/ week
C. 150 -200 g /week
D. 300-350 g/week
22. When a newborn baby becomes jaundiced after the 5th day of life, this could be a sign of:
A. Hypothermia
B. Dehydration
C. Malnutrition
D. Infection
23. Dilip, 12 years old (weight 30 kg) has done an appendectomy where the appendix was ruptured and there were a lot of pus in the abdomen. When he comes back from the OT he is lying still, is pale and has vomited 3 times. He has not been given any pain relief after the operation. Suggest appropriate pain assessment method and appropriate pain relieving medicine for Dilip.
A. VAS scale – Paracetamol and Diclofinec
B. Wong scale- Paracetamol and Ibuprofen
C. VAS scale- Morphine IV
D. None of the above
24. Which of the following is true about pain?
A. Studies show that untreated pain in children can cause damage such as low weight, delayed psychomotor development and higher mortality
B. If a child can tolerate a wound dressing without crying, he is not in need of pain relief
C. Children often do not need so much pain relief postoperative as they are mostly sleeping then
D. Children are better at expressing their pain than adults
25. How long does a child need to be NPO prior to given Oral Ketamine?
A. NPO from solids and clear fluids for 4 hours
B. NPO from solids for 4 hours and from clear fluids for 2 hours
C. NPO from solids and clear fluids for 2 hours
D. There is no need to keep the child NPO
26. Which of the following is true regarding Morphine?
A. One of the side effects is seizures
B. Giving injection Morphine to a child without knowledge how Morphine works or can be dangerous
C. Can only be used from 2 years of age
D. Morphine works best if given as subcutaneous injection
27. Which of the following is the most appropriate distraction method for a child 3 years of age?
A. Shaking a colorful rattle
B. Blowing bubbles
C. Asking about school
D. Having the child helping in performing the intervention
28. Which of the following describe the most dangerous situation for a baby in an incubator?
A. The incubator is in Air mode and the patient probe has fallen off the baby
B. The incubator is in Air mode and the patient probe is outside the incubator
C. The incubator is in Patient mode and the patient probe is outside the incubator
D. The humidifier is empty of water
29. Sushila is 10 years old girl and her body was burned 20 %, she is rejecting to take food and any treatment including dressing in her wound How you can give quality service to her?
A. Keeping sushila in a special Cabin
B. Performing Daily dressing
C. Providing emotional support
D. Giving emotional support and using distraction methods when performing wound dressing and giving food.
30. Which of the below complications is possible to gatting with Sushila?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Vomiting
C. Hypothermia
D. Infection and malnutrition
31. Santi is 15 months old and weighs 5.5 kg. Her mother left to work in India and Santi lives with her grand mother. Her ankles are swollen, her hair is pale and straight, she is apathetic and not eating. The skin is peeling off both her legs. She also has chronic diarrhea. What is the diagnosis?
A. Marasmus
B. Persistent diarrhea
C. Marasmic Kwashiorkor
D. None of the above
32. Which of the following is true regarding Malnutrition?
A. Severe protein-energy malnutrition only leads to Kwashiorko
B. A child with malnutrition often have the features of an old man
C. Severe malnutrition is defined as “the presence of edema of both feet and severe wasting or clinical signs of severe malnutrition”
D. The head circumference is also a quick way to diagnose if a child is malnourished
33. Which of the following are symptoms for a child with a heart condition?
A. Crying
B. Fever
C. Feeding problem
D. None of the above
34. Santosh, 3 years has had fever and a cough for 3 days. He has nasal discharge, red watery eyes, and some small white spots on the inside of his cheeks. He has no stridor or retractions. He probably has:
A. Tonsillitis
B. Bronchitis
C. Measles
D. Bacterial conjunctivitis
35. Which of the following is the most likely diagnoses for a 4-year-old girl who has appeared very ill with had a high fever, retraction, grunting, head bubbing, tachypnea and central cyanosis.
A. Pneumonia
B. Chickenpox
C. Septicemia
D. Appendicitis
36. Which of the statement is true regarding fever and infections in children?
A. Most children presenting with fever have typhoid
B. A child with more than 38.0 C in fever should always receive Paracetamol
C. Without treatment, mastoiditis will always lead to brain abscess
D. Every year, infections are responsible for the deaths of about 7 million children under the age of 5 years
37. Alias, 13 months, has had a fever and a cold since 3 days. Yesterday he started to rub his ear. His right ear drum is red and swollen. His throat looks normal. What are the diagnoses?
A. Acute otitis media which has perforated
B. Chronic otitis media
C. Acute otitis media
D. None of the above
38. Conditions associated with shock
A. Any non-febrile condition
B. Child with pneumonia
C. Generalized lymphaadenopathy
D. Febrile illness, trauma, bleeding and known of epidemic dengue out break
39. Which of the below is a benefit of debridement and skin grafting a child with burns within the first few days?
A. Less bleeding
B. Less scaring
C. It prevent infection and improve survival
D. Less IV fluids can be used
40. Dhana is 4 years old, weighs 16 kg and has a deep burn of 25%. How much total fluid should she receive in the first 24 hours (use Parkland´s formula)?
A. 1600 ml
B. 1300 ml
C. 2900 ml
D. 3000 ml
41. Which are the most appropriate initial goals in burn management?
A. Give antibiotics, begin fluid resuscitation, give Tetanus injection
B. Prevent airway compromise, stop the burning process, begin fluid resuscitation
C. Begin fluid resuscitation, intubation, give oxygen
D. Give F 100 in an NG, give Morphine
42. At the age of 9 monhts, the infant should be able to:
A. Release small object into a bottle
B. Point to one body part
C. Grab a large object with thumb and finger
D. Recognizes name of two objects
43. To maintain daily activities by a child what percentage of the protein diet is required per day is:
A. 15-20%
B. 20-25%
C. 65-80%
D. 7-15 %
44. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Rib fractures in a child can be dangerous and should be treated as a sign of a serious injury
B. Rib fractures in children often gives only mild pain and is no reason to be worried
C. Rib fractures in children often mean that the child suffer from a malignant disease
D. Rib fractures in children is very common
45. What is the meaning of contusion of the brain?
A. The brain is bruised—function may be affected for hours to days, or even weeks
B. A mild injury where loss of brain function is temporary.
C. The injury is due to a blood clot, urgent operation may be required.
D. There is an acute bleed inside the brain, acute operation needed.
46. What are the symptoms of bowel obstruction in children?
A. Cough
B. High fever
C. Vomiting and diarrhea
D. Cramping abdominal pain, distension and no passage of gas
47. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory viral infection, which typically is most severe in young infants and occurs in annual epidemics
B. Bronchiolitis is characterized by supper airway obstruction and stridor
C. Bronchiolitis is a serious bacterial lower airway infection
D. A child with bronchitis always needs to be admitted to the Pediatric ward for oxygen therapy
48. Which of the following statements is true?
A. In 1989, the United Nation’s General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
B. The Convention on the rights of the child has now been signed by almost all nations of the world, except Nepal
C. The Convention stresses these principles and also refers to the responsibility of children to respect the rights of others, especially their parents.
D. The Convention makes clear; a basic quality of life should be the right of all children under 2 years old.
49. Which of the following statement is true regarding audible airway sounds?
A. Snoring, hoarse voice and stridor suggest lower airway obstruction
B. Stridor is a harsh noise during expiration, which is due to narrowing of the airway
C. Grunting is an instinctive mechanism to keep alveoli open for maximal gas exchange. The low-pitched sound is best heard at the end of exhalation
D. Wheeze is a high-pitched whistling sound and it is always present on inspiration.
50. Why skin grafting is necessary for burn case?
A. Cosmatic purpose
B. Deep burn wound
C. Prevent Contracture
D. All of the above
Answers
1.C 2. A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C 21.C 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.B 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.D 31.C 32.C 33.C 34.C 35.A 36.D 37.C 38.D 39.C 40.A 41.B 42.C 43.D 44.A 45.A 46.D 47.A 48.A 49.C 50.D
Shisir Kumar Adhikari
2025-06-18 10:35:33
6763
31
Leave Your Comment